Active Protection System. A defensive system that detects and intercepts anti-tank threats.

A navigation system combining Global Positioning System (GPS) for absolute positioning and Inertial Navigation System (INS) for dead reckoning, providing continuous and accurate location and orientation data.

Optical device that uses laser pulses to measure the distance to a target with high precision.

A Remote Weapon Station is a weapon mount controlled from within an armored vehicle, allowing operation without exposing the operator to direct fire.

A spall liner is an interior armor layer in armored vehicles, such as IFVs, designed to catch or reduce high‑velocity fragments (spall) generated when the vehicle's outer armor is penetrated.

A firearm or automatic weapon mounted on a vehicle and equipped with a gyroscopic or hydraulic system to reduce recoil and maintain aim during movement.

Thermal sights are infrared imaging devices that detect heat signatures to provide a visual display for target detection and navigation in low‑visibility conditions.