Automated laying is a fire‑control capability that uses sensors and a computer to automatically set a towed artillery or mortar’s elevation and azimuth to the calculated firing solution.

Cluster/DPICM refers to artillery ammunition that disperses submunitions for anti-personnel and anti-vehicle effects.

A digital fire-control system employs computational algorithms to calculate and adjust artillery fire parameters, enhancing accuracy and efficiency in towed systems.

Using GPS data to guide a projectile or system to its target, enhancing accuracy.

High Explosive (HE) round: an artillery or mortar projectile containing explosive filler designed to inflict damage through blast and fragmentation effects.

Inertial navigation is a self-contained system that determines a vehicle’s position, orientation, and velocity by integrating data from accelerometers and gyroscopes, without external signals.

Multiple Round Simultaneous Impact: artillery tactic where multiple rounds from the same or different howitzers land on target within seconds.

Artillery system with integrated propulsion, enabling movement under its own power rather than being towed.

Artillery tactic where a firing unit rapidly deploys, fires, and relocates to avoid counter-battery fire.

Artillery classification distinguishing self-propelled wheeled vehicles from weapons towed by external means.