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R-77
Photo: Allocer · Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 3.0
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R-77

Medium-Range AAM (MRAAM / BVR) · Russia · 1994
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R-77

R-77
R-77 Photo: Allocer · Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 3.0
* Absolute score — assessed within category · no era adjustment
Range
85
Seeker / Guidance
80
No-Escape Zone
82
Speed
75
Counter-Measure Resistance
70
Lethality
80
Data-Link
75
Reliability
70
Technology
85
Cost-Effectiveness
80
Origin Russia
ManufacturerVympel
CategoryMedium-Range AAM (MRAAM / BVR)
EraPost-Cold War
In service1994
Operators17 countries
Data Quality86%
79
Medium-Range AAM (MRAAM / BVR) MASS Rating
3/11
Post-Cold War
6/73
All-Time
Medium-Range AAM (MRAAM / BVR) · 10 axes scored
Range
85
Seeker / Guidance
80
No-Escape Zone
82
Speed
75
Counter-Measure Resistance
70
Lethality
80
Data-Link
75
Reliability
70
Technology
85
Cost-Effectiveness
80
ⓘ Regardless of era, the same scoring system applies to all units in the medium-range aam (mraam / bvr) category.
01 / Overview
R-77
Country
Prime contractor
Production
1994–
Operators
💰 PERFORMANCE / PRICE ASSESSMENT Methodology ↗
MEDIUM-RANGE AAM (MRAAM / BVR) · POST-COLD WAR
3
PERFORMANCE/PRICE
82
UNIT COST (2025 USD)
—
79
medium-range aam (mraam / bvr) category
ⓘ Performance/Price and MASS score are computed across all units in the medium-range aam (mraam / bvr) category, regardless of era.
02 / Specs & Design
◎General7MOD.7
  • Missile Typebeyond-visual-range air-to-air missile
  • Service Entry Year1994
  • DesignerMolnija OKB, Artem, Vympel
  • Length3.8 m
  • Diameter200 mm
  • Launch Weight175 kg
  • In ServiceYes
▣Propulsion3MOD.3
  • Propulsion Typerocket
  • Motor Typesolid propellant rocket motor
  • Fuel / Propellantsolid
◇Performance4MOD.4
  • Maximum Range80 km
  • Top Speed (Mach)4 Mach
  • Flight Profileinertial mid-course with SARH/datalink update, active-radar terminal homing
  • HypersonicNo
◆Warhead5MOD.5
▤Launch Platform5MOD.5
⬢Production2MOD.2
  • Variants10
  • Production Start1,982 year
▲Warhead Detail2MOD.2
  • Detonation Mechanism / Fuzelaser proximity fuse
  • Explosive Filler Type22.5 kg HE fragmenting (R-77)
03 / History
SERVICE LIFESPANStill in Service
  1. 1994Production started
  2. 1995Entered service
32
years in service
17
countries operating
ⓘ The producing country still actively operates it.
04 / Operators
Operator Inventory6country · 1,182units
1,182active
05 / MASS Score
MEDIUM-RANGE AAM (MRAAM / BVR) RANKING Medium-Range AAM (MRAAM / BVR) · Post-Cold War
📖 TERMS ON THIS PAGE6terms
Capability of launching an anti-tank guided missile from an airborne platform, such as a helicopter or aircraft.
Fire-and-forget refers to a missile guidance system where the missile guides itself to its target after launch, requiring no further input from the operator.
Guidance system combining inertial navigation (self-contained motion tracking) with GPS (satellite-based positioning) for precise trajectory correction in ballistic missiles.
A guidance method that uses inertial navigation sensors together with satellite‑based GPS signals to determine a missile’s position and steer it toward a target.
A proximity fuze is a detonation mechanism in ATGMs that triggers when the missile approaches within a set distance of a target, using sensors like radar or laser to detect proximity.
Enables real-time sharing of position, targeting, and sensor data among aircraft and platforms for coordinated combat operations.
These terms are listed automatically because they appear on this page.full encyclopedia →
📚 Sources
📖 ENCYCLOPEDIA Browse the Medium-Range AAM (MRAAM / BVR) entry →