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R-23
Photo: Varga Attila · Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 3.0
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R-23

Medium-Range AAM (MRAAM / BVR) · Russia · 1974
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R-23

R-23
R-23 Photo: Varga Attila · Wikimedia Commons · CC BY-SA 3.0
* Absolute score — assessed within category · no era adjustment
Range
60
Seeker / Guidance
50
No-Escape Zone
55
Speed
65
Counter-Measure Resistance
40
Lethality
60
Data-Link
0
Reliability
70
Technology
55
Cost-Effectiveness
75
Origin Russia
ManufacturerVympel
CategoryMedium-Range AAM (MRAAM / BVR)
EraCold War
In service1974
Operators17 countries
Data Quality87%
52
Medium-Range AAM (MRAAM / BVR) MASS Rating
9/19
Cold War
31/73
All-Time
Medium-Range AAM (MRAAM / BVR) · 10 axes scored
Range
60
Seeker / Guidance
50
No-Escape Zone
55
Speed
65
Counter-Measure Resistance
40
Lethality
60
Data-Link
0
Reliability
70
Technology
55
Cost-Effectiveness
75
ⓘ Regardless of era, the same scoring system applies to all units in the medium-range aam (mraam / bvr) category.
01 / Overview
R-23
Country
Prime contractor
Production
1974–
Operators
Conflicts
💰 PERFORMANCE / PRICE ASSESSMENT Methodology ↗
MEDIUM-RANGE AAM (MRAAM / BVR) · COLD WAR
9
PERFORMANCE/PRICE
80
UNIT COST (2025 USD)
—
52
medium-range aam (mraam / bvr) category
ⓘ Performance/Price and MASS score are computed across all units in the medium-range aam (mraam / bvr) category, regardless of era.
02 / Specs & Design
◎General7MOD.7
  • Missile TypeMedium air-to-air missile
  • Service Entry Year1974
  • DesignerV. A. Pustyakov
  • Length4.5 m
  • Diameter223 mm
  • Launch Weight222 kg
  • In ServiceYes
▣Propulsion5MOD.5
  • Propulsion Typesolid fuel rocket
  • Motor Typesolid-propellant rocket motor
  • Boost StageYes
  • Two-StageNo
  • Fuel / Propellantsolid propellant
◇Performance7MOD.7
  • Minimum Range1.3 km
  • Maximum Range35 km
  • Top Speed1,029 m/s
  • Top Speed (Mach)3 Mach
  • Flight Profilehigh-altitude intercept with snap-up capability
  • Maximum G5
  • HypersonicNo
◆Warhead6MOD.6
▤Launch Platform6MOD.6
⬢Production3MOD.3
  • Operators15
  • Variants4
  • Production Start1,974 year
▲Warhead Detail3MOD.3
  • Detonation Mechanism / Fuzeradar proximity fuse
  • Explosive Filler Weight25 kg
  • Explosive Filler Typeexpanding-rod high explosive
03 / History
SERVICE LIFESPANStill in Service
  1. 1945First deployment: Cold War
  2. 1974Production started
52
years in service
14
countries operating
ⓘ The producing country still actively operates it. 3 countries retired it.
04 / Conflicts
R-23 · CONFLICTS SERVED IN0% win
Total Conflicts
1
Victories
0
Ongoing
0
Losses
0
ⓘ Shown only from conflicts recorded in our database.
05 / Operators
📖 TERMS ON THIS PAGE5terms
Capability of launching an anti-tank guided missile from an airborne platform, such as a helicopter or aircraft.
The initial propulsion phase where a high-thrust motor accelerates the missile to operational velocity.
A proximity fuze is a detonation mechanism in ATGMs that triggers when the missile approaches within a set distance of a target, using sensors like radar or laser to detect proximity.
A guidance method where a missile uses radar reflections from an external illuminator, typically a ground or airborne radar, to track and intercept a target.
A guidance mode for anti-tank missiles where the warhead detonates downward onto the thinner top armor of armored vehicles.
These terms are listed automatically because they appear on this page.full encyclopedia →
📚 Sources
📖 ENCYCLOPEDIA Browse the Medium-Range AAM (MRAAM / BVR) entry →