Data Quality87%
MASS(Military Archive Scoring System)
ⓘ Regardless of era, the same scoring system applies to all units in the anti-radiation missiles (arm) category.
01 / Overview
Kh-31
Category
Country
Prime contractor
Production
1988–
Unit Price (current)
$812.0K↗ 48% inflation · 2010→2025
Original Price
$550.0K (2010)
Operators
Conflicts
💰 PERFORMANCE / PRICE ASSESSMENT Methodology ↗
ANTI-RADIATION MISSILES (ARM) · COLD WAR
12
PERFORMANCE/PRICE
87
UNIT COST (2025 USD)
$812.0K
Original: $550.0K (2010)
Inflation: +%48
ⓘ Performance/Price and MASS score are computed across all units in the anti-radiation missiles (arm) category, regardless of era.
02 / Specs & Design
◎General7MOD.7
- Missile Typeair-to-surface missile
- Service Entry Year1988
- DesignerZvezda-Strela (before 2002)
- Length4.7 m
- Diameter360 mm
- Launch Weight600 kg
- In ServiceYes
◈Guidance8MOD.8
- Guidance TypeInertial / GPS
- Seeker Typepassive radar homing
- Fire-and-ForgetYes
- Two-Way DatalinkNo
- Top-Attack CapableNo
- Imaging Infrared SeekerNo
- Inertial / GPS GuidanceNo
- Sea-SkimmingYes
▣Propulsion5MOD.5
- Propulsion Typeramjet
- Motor Typesolid fuel rocket booster + ramjet sustainer
- Boost StageYes
- Two-StageYes
- Fuel / PropellantKerosene
◇Performance8MOD.8
- Minimum Range7.5 km
- Maximum Range110 km
- Top Speed4,200 m/s
- Top Speed (Mach)3.5 Mach
- Cruise Altitude48,000 m
- Flight Profilehigh-altitude for ARM, sea-skimming for anti-ship
- Maximum G15
- HypersonicNo
◆Warhead5MOD.5
- Warhead Typepenetrating armor-piercing (Kh-31A), HE shaped charge (Kh-31P)
- Warhead Weight94 kg
- Tandem HEAT ChargeNo
- Proximity FuzeYes
- Nuclear-CapableNo
▤Launch Platform6MOD.6
- Launch PlatformBoth : Su-27SM, Su-30MKI, Su-25, Su-34, Su-35, MiG-29M, HAL Tejas, MiG-29K, Su-24M ; Kh-31A only : Su-33
- Air-LaunchedYes
- Ground-LaunchedNo
- Naval-LaunchedNo
- Man-PortableNo
- Launcher Typeaircraft hardpoint
⬢Production4MOD.4
- Unit Cost550,000 USD
- Operators15
- Variants8
- Production Start1,982 year
▲Warhead Detail3MOD.3
- Detonation Mechanism / FuzeImpact
- Explosive Filler Weight94 kg
- Explosive Filler TypePenetrating, armor-piercing.(Kh-31A); HE shaped charge
03 / History
SERVICE LIFESPANStill in Service
- 1988Production started
- 1989First deployment: Georgian–Ossetian conflict
38
years in service
14
countries operating
ⓘ The producing country still actively operates it.
04 / Conflicts
KH-31 · CONFLICTS SERVED IN50% win·50% ongoing
Total Conflicts
2
Victories
1
Ongoing
1
Losses
0
ⓘ Shown only from conflicts recorded in our database.
05 / Operators
Operator Countries14country
06 / MASS Score
ANTI-RADIATION MISSILES (ARM) RANKING Anti-Radiation Missiles (ARM) · Cold War
MASS RANKINGSMASS ↗
15ANTI-RADIATION MISSILES (ARM)12COLD WAR · ANTI-RADIATION MISSILES (ARM)959RUSSIA · ALL WEAPONS2PRICE · ANTI-RADIATION MISSILES (ARM)506PRICE · ALL WEAPONS4PERFORMANCE/PRICE · ANTI-RADIATION MISSILES (ARM)
ⓘ Rankings are within theAnti-Radiation Missiles (ARM)category.
📖 TERMS ON THIS PAGE7terms
Capability of launching an anti-tank guided missile from an airborne platform, such as a helicopter or aircraft.
The initial propulsion phase where a high-thrust motor accelerates the missile to operational velocity.
Fire-and-forget refers to a missile guidance system where the missile guides itself to its target after launch, requiring no further input from the operator.
Guidance system combining inertial navigation (self-contained motion tracking) with GPS (satellite-based positioning) for precise trajectory correction in ballistic missiles.
A proximity fuze is a detonation mechanism in ATGMs that triggers when the missile approaches within a set distance of a target, using sensors like radar or laser to detect proximity.
Sea‑skimming is a low‑altitude flight profile in which a missile or projectile flies close to the sea surface to minimize radar detection and increase survivability.
A two-stage ATGM propulsion system where a booster stage initially accelerates the missile before a sustainer stage maintains flight velocity.
These terms are listed automatically because they appear on this page.full encyclopedia →
📚 Sources