The ability to perceive and understand all surroundings, 360 degrees, in real-time, providing a comprehensive view of the operational environment.

Active Protection System. A defensive system that detects and intercepts anti-tank threats.

Anti-Tank Guided Missile: a missile designed to destroy tanks.

A Battle Management System (BMS) is a command‑and‑control software suite that gathers, processes, and shares battlefield data to provide situational awareness and coordinate the actions of military units.

A vehicle-mounted night vision system enabling drivers of infantry fighting vehicles to navigate and operate in low-light conditions.

A vehicle subsystem that detects, contains, and extinguishes internal fires to protect crew and critical components.

A navigation system combining Global Positioning System (GPS) for absolute positioning and Inertial Navigation System (INS) for dead reckoning, providing continuous and accurate location and orientation data.

A hunter-killer capability in an infantry fighting vehicle allows the gunner to engage targets while the commander independently searches for new targets, typically using separate optics and control systems.

Optical device that uses laser pulses to measure the distance to a target with high precision.

Protection systems in IFVs designed to mitigate damage from landmines and improvised explosive devices, including armored hulls, blast-resistant seats, and counter-IED electronics.

Nuclear, Biological, Chemical protection for crew and occupants.

Smoke grenades are pyrotechnic devices deployed by infantry fighting vehicles to create a visual screen, obscuring movement or positions from enemy observation or targeting.

A spall liner is an interior armor layer in armored vehicles, such as IFVs, designed to catch or reduce high‑velocity fragments (spall) generated when the vehicle's outer armor is penetrated.

A firearm or automatic weapon mounted on a vehicle and equipped with a gyroscopic or hydraulic system to reduce recoil and maintain aim during movement.

Thermal sights are infrared imaging devices that detect heat signatures to provide a visual display for target detection and navigation in low‑visibility conditions.

Vehicle hull design featuring a V-shaped cross-section to deflect blasts upward, enhancing protection against landmines and IEDs.