Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot: a type of kinetic energy penetrator ammunition.

Type of internal combustion engine fuel, refined from crude oil.

Explosive Reactive Armor (ERA): Modular armor system that detonates upon impact to disrupt incoming warheads, reducing penetration of shaped charges and kinetic energy projectiles.

High-Explosive Fragmentation: ammunition that explodes on impact, releasing fragments.

High-Explosive Anti-Tank: a type of projectile that uses a shaped charge to penetrate armor.

Optical device that uses laser pulses to measure the distance to a target with high precision.

A main battle tank is a heavily armored vehicle with a large caliber gun, used for front-line combat.

Manual: a tank transmission in which the driver selects gear changes manually, typically using a clutch pedal and gear lever to engage gears.

Nuclear, Biological, Chemical protection for tank crews.

Enhanced low-light visibility through specialized optics or sensors.

Reactive composite armor is a tank armor type that combines layers of composite material with embedded reactive elements that detonate on impact to disrupt incoming projectiles.

Handheld or vehicle-mounted devices that release dense smoke to obscure vision, conceal movements, or screen friendly forces from enemy observation.

A smoothbore gun is a firearm with an unrifled barrel, allowing projectiles to travel without spin; it is commonly used in modern tank main guns for firing fin‑stabilized ammunition.

Fire control system generation using gyroscopically stabilized optics to improve accuracy during vehicle movement.

A torsion bar is a steel rod that resists twisting and serves as a spring in tank suspensions, with one end fixed to the hull and the other connected to a lever arm moving the road wheel.