Armour-piercing fin-stabilized discarding sabot: a type of kinetic energy penetrator ammunition.

A Battle Management System (BMS) is a command‑and‑control software suite that gathers, processes, and shares battlefield data to provide situational awareness and coordinate the actions of military units.

Armour made from a combination of materials, including depleted uranium.

Fire control systems using digital data buses to link components, enabling sensor fusion and integration with battlefield networks.

A front-mounted armored plate on a tank, primarily used for clearing obstacles, creating cover, or breaching fortifications.

High-Explosive Fragmentation: ammunition that explodes on impact, releasing fragments.

High-Explosive Anti-Tank: a type of projectile that uses a shaped charge to penetrate armor.

Hydromechanical transmission combines hydraulic fluid power with mechanical gear components to transmit engine power to a tank's tracks.

Optical device that uses laser pulses to measure the distance to a target with high precision.

A main battle tank is a heavily armored vehicle with a large caliber gun, used for front-line combat.

A mine plough is a device attached to a tank to clear mines from its path.

Multifuel: a fuel type designation for tanks whose engines can operate on several fuel varieties (e.g., gasoline, diesel, jet fuel) without modification.

Nuclear, Biological, Chemical protection for tank crews.

Enhanced low-light visibility through specialized optics or sensors.

Handheld or vehicle-mounted devices that release dense smoke to obscure vision, conceal movements, or screen friendly forces from enemy observation.

A smoothbore gun is a firearm with an unrifled barrel, allowing projectiles to travel without spin; it is commonly used in modern tank main guns for firing fin‑stabilized ammunition.

Thermal sights are infrared imaging devices mounted on a tank's gunner station that detect heat emitted by objects, enabling target identification and aiming in low‑visibility conditions.

A torsion bar is a steel rod that resists twisting and serves as a spring in tank suspensions, with one end fixed to the hull and the other connected to a lever arm moving the road wheel.